行業資訊
鈦(tai)鍛件(jian)(jian)缺(que)(que)陷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)存(cun)在(zai)，有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)會影(ying)響后續工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)處理(li)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)或(huo)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)，有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)則嚴重影(ying)響鈦(tai)鍛件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)能及(ji)使(shi)(shi)用，甚至(zhi)極大地降低(di)所(suo)制成品件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用壽命(ming)，危及(ji)安全(quan)。因(yin)此為了保證(zheng)或(huo)提高鈦(tai)鍛件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)，除在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝上加強質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)控制、采取相(xiang)應措施(shi)杜(du)絕鈦(tai)鍛件(jian)(jian)缺(que)(que)陷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產生(sheng)外，還(huan)應進行必要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)，防止帶有(you)對(dui)后續工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)（如熱處理(li)、表面處理(li)、冷(leng)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)）及(ji)使(shi)(shi)用性(xing)能有(you)惡劣影(ying)響的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)缺(que)(que)陷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鈦(tai)鍛件(jian)(jian)流入后續工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)。經質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)后，還(huan)可以根據(ju)缺(que)(que)陷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)質(zhi)及(ji)影(ying)響使(shi)(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)程(cheng)度對(dui)已(yi)制鈦(tai)鍛件(jian)(jian)采取補救措施(shi)，使(shi)(shi)之符合技術標準或(huo)使(shi)(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求。
因(yin)此，鈦鍛(duan)(duan)件質量(liang)檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)從某種意義上(shang)講，一(yi)方面是對已(yi)制鈦鍛(duan)(duan)件的質量(liang)把關，另一(yi)方面則是給鍛(duan)(duan)造工藝指出改(gai)進方向(xiang)，從而保證鈦鍛(duan)(duan)件質量(liang)符(fu)合鈦鍛(duan)(duan)件技術標準的要求，并滿足設(she)計、加工、使用上(shang)的要求。鈦鍛(duan)(duan)件質量(liang)的檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)包括(kuo)外觀(guan)質量(liang)及內(nei)部(bu)質量(liang)的檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)。外觀(guan)質量(liang)檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)主(zhu)要指鈦鍛(duan)(duan)件的幾何尺寸、形(xing)狀(zhuang)、表面狀(zhuang)況等(deng)項(xiang)目的檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)；內(nei)部(bu)質量(liang)的檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)則主(zhu)要是指鈦鍛(duan)(duan)件化學(xue)成分、宏(hong)觀(guan)組織(zhi)、鈦鍛(duan)(duan)件顯微組織(zhi)及力學(xue)性(xing)能等(deng)各項(xiang)目的檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)。
具體說來，鈦(tai)(tai)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)外觀質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)也就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)鈦(tai)(tai)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)形狀(zhuang)、幾何尺寸是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)符合圖(tu)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定，鈦(tai)(tai)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)面是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)有(you)缺(que)陷(xian)(xian)(xian)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)什(shen)么性(xing)(xing)(xing)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)缺(que)陷(xian)(xian)(xian)，它(ta)們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)形態(tai)特征是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)什(shen)么。表(biao)面狀(zhuang)態(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)內(nei)容一(yi)般是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)鈦(tai)(tai)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)表(biao)面是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)有(you)表(biao)面裂(lie)紋、折(zhe)疊、折(zhe)皺(zhou)、壓(ya)坑、起(qi)皮、起(qi)泡、斑疤、腐(fu)蝕坑、碰傷、外來物(wu)、未充滿、凹坑、缺(que)肉、劃痕等缺(que)陷(xian)(xian)(xian)。而(er)內(nei)部(bu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)鈦(tai)(tai)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)本身的(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)在質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)外觀質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)無法發現(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)狀(zhuang)況，它(ta)既包含檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)鈦(tai)(tai)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)部(bu)缺(que)陷(xian)(xian)(xian)，也包含檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)鈦(tai)(tai)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)力(li)(li)學性(xing)(xing)(xing)能，而(er)對(dui)重要件(jian)、關鍵件(jian)或大型鈦(tai)(tai)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)還應進行(xing)化學成(cheng)分(fen)(fen)分(fen)(fen)析。對(dui)于(yu)內(nei)部(bu)缺(que)陷(xian)(xian)(xian)我們(men)將(jiang)通過(guo)低倍檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)、斷(duan)口檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)倍檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)方法來檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)鈦(tai)(tai)鍛(duan)(duan)(duan)件(jian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)存在諸如內(nei)裂(lie)、縮孔、疏松、粗(cu)晶(jing)、白點、樹枝狀(zhuang)結晶(jing)、流線(xian)不符合外形、流線(xian)紊亂、穿流、粗(cu)晶(jing)環、氧化膜(mo)、分(fen)(fen)層、過(guo)熱、過(guo)燒組織等缺(que)陷(xian)(xian)(xian)。而(er)對(dui)于(yu)力(li)(li)學性(xing)(xing)(xing)能主要是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查(cha)常溫(wen)(wen)抗拉強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)、塑性(xing)(xing)(xing)、韌(ren)性(xing)(xing)(xing)、硬度(du)(du)(du)、疲勞(lao)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)瞬(shun)時斷(duan)裂(lie)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)持(chi)久(jiu)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)、持(chi)久(jiu)塑性(xing)(xing)(xing)及高(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)(wen)蠕變強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)等。
由于鈦鍛件制成零件(jian)(jian)后，在使用過(guo)程(cheng)中其受力情況、重要程(cheng)度、工作條件(jian)(jian)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)，其所用材(cai)料和(he)冶金(jin)工藝(yi)也不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)，因此不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)部位依(yi)據上述情況并按照要求將鈦鍛(duan)件(jian)(jian)分(fen)出類別，不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)準對鈦鍛(duan)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)分(fen)類也是不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)。但(dan)不(bu)(bu)管怎么樣，對于鈦鍛(duan)件(jian)(jian)質(zhi)量檢(jian)驗(yan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)整體來(lai)說(shuo)都離不(bu)(bu)開兩(liang)大類檢(jian)驗(yan)，即外觀質(zhi)量和(he)內部質(zhi)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)驗(yan)，只不(bu)(bu)過(guo)鈦鍛(duan)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)類別不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)，其具體的(de)(de)(de)(de)檢(jian)驗(yan)項目(mu)、檢(jian)驗(yan)數量和(he)檢(jian)驗(yan)要求不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)罷了。
